Volcanic Smog – Impact on Air Quality

Let’s Monitor Air Quality Closely

Air quality monitors from the Health Inspectorate have shown a slight increase in particulate matter, which, according to the Icelandic Meteorological Office, is due to volcanic smog. This is reflected in measurements of fine particulate matter that has traveled across the country.

Volcanic smog contains pollution that has transformed into substances such as SO₄ (sulfate) and sulfuric acid, and therefore it does not show up in conventional sulfur dioxide (SO₂) measurements. However, fine particulate matter readings indicate that this type of pollution is present. Volcanic smog, also known as “blue haze” is a type of air pollution formed when SO₂, other gases, and particles react with oxygen and moisture in the presence of sunlight. It has a characteristic blue-gray color created by sunlight scattering through the particles or aerosol.

Physical Symptoms

Volcanic smog can cause fatigue, headaches, eye and throat irritation, and flu-like symptoms. People with respiratory sensitivities and children should avoid prolonged outdoor activity and limit physical exertion. Even those who are less sensitive may experience symptoms. It is not recommended to let young children sleep outside in strollers under these conditions.

General Advice Regarding Gas Pollution:

• People with lung or heart conditions should keep their medications readily available.

• Try to breathe through the nose and avoid physical exertion outdoors during high pollution, as it reduces the amount of pollutants reaching the lungs.

• Staying indoors with windows closed and ventilation systems off provides significant protection against the pollution.

• Note that dust masks do not offer protection against gas pollution.

• Indoor Protection Measures Against SO₂ and Other Volcanic Pollution:

  • Keep windows closed and minimize the opening of exterior doors.

  • Raise the indoor temperature.

  • Ventilate the home only when outdoor air quality improves.

Air quality measurements can be found at loftgaedi.is, along with more detailed data from the Health Inspectorate. Guidance on how to respond to SO₂ levels can be found via a link in the upper left corner of the website: loftgaedi.is.
Forecasts for gas pollution are available on the website of the Icelandic Meteorological Office.